Labels:text | font | screenshot | black and white | document OCR: Hopunion U.S.A ., Inc. the fungal disease downy mildew (caused by Psuedoperonospora humuli) and the viral disease ring-spot (caused by Prunus necrotic ring-spot virus). Clusters and Galena are rather sensitive to downy mildew infection whilst Cascades and Tettnang rarely exhibit disease symptoms. Galena, when infected with ring-spot virus, shows extreme symptoms under changeable climatic conditions. Certain interesting responses to pests also occur. Nugget, for example, is very sensitive to two- spotted mite attack (Tetranychus urticae). PICKABILITY This is another characteristic which is of direct concern to both grower and brewer. If a hop is known to pick well, one can expect a good clean sample. If a hop is difficult to pick, one is more likely to see shattered cones and a higher proportion of leaf and stem in a sample. DRY-BALING Some varieties are more difficult to dry than others and some tend to shatter more than others when being baled. Growers can adjust practices to accommodate these peculiarities but the more difficult a variety the more likely it is that mistakes will be made. CONE STRUCTURE Certain physical properties of hop cones while relatively unimportant in the brewing process, are strongly characteristic of a particular variety. For example, Nugget has heavy dense cones while those of Tettnang are relatively light and much looser. The cones of Fuggle are markedly square in cross section. Chinook has long cones and the individual bracts (petals) are reflexed (turned back) at the tip. Light loose cones are much more prone to shatter during harvesting while heavy dense cones like those of Nugget pick beautifully as they roll well and hang together. QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS LUPULIN Hop lupulin may vary in color from pale yellow to an intense golden color. It is not known if lupulin color affects brewing performance but it is a fairly strong characteristic of a variety. It is certain that the bitter hops have much greater quantities of lupulin than the aromatic types. 2
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